What is DHCP Server: an Overview

By | September 25, 2020

The DHCP server is one of the best servers of the networking. In this blog, we will discuss all the terms related to the DHCP server.

DHCP Server

What is DHCP?

Dynamic Host Control Protocol server is used to assigned automatic IP addresses to network hosts so they can communicate with each other.DHCP is a network protocol that works on a client-server architecture.

The DHCP server is too useful for the large organization because it’s not possible n to provide manually IP address on the large organizations. DHCP server makes administration easy because you do not need to manged IP address to all computers, the DHCP server will handle itself. The DHCP server can be configured on the DSLR router also for small organizations.

DHCP server used UDP port numbers 67 and 68. Port number 67 used for provided services and port number 68 used by the client to listen.DHCP works on the DORA process where-

  • Discover
  • Offer
  • Request
  • Acknowledgment

DHCP used DORA process to allocate an IP address to Clients. if any new client wants to add on the network and want to communicate another device on the network. If you want to access a new client from DHCP server then a new client sends the notification on a network called Discover message. Discover the message broadcast in all devices then the DHCP server broadcasting the offer message to the client.

New Client sends the IP address notification to the server for IP address called Request lastly Server sends the message to all the devices called Acknowledgment.

What is DHCP Scope?

DHCP scope is a range of IP address where the Dynamic Host control protocol server defied the range of IP address for clients. In DHCP scope we can configure Start IP address, END IP address, Network mask, or Subnet mask for clients, Default Gateway, or router gateway, DNS, and lease time for clients.

Lease Duration:- Lease duration is a duration for the client where IP address automatically renews after lease time. The default lease duration of the server is 8 days.

What is Exclusion Range in DHCP?

DHCP exclusion range is the range of IP address where exclusion range IP address not assigned for clients. Exclusion Range IP address can be used for assigned the IP address for another server manually.

What is DHCP Reservation?

DHCP reservation is reserved IP address for specific computers and devices where devices always have the same IP address. In DHCP Reservation We need to binds the IP address to the MAC address permanently till reservation removed.

How to Configure DHCP server Windows Server 2019/2016/2012?

  1. Navigate to Server Manager and click on Add role and features.
Dashboard

2. Click Next (Add role and features wizard).

DHCP server Add role features wizard

3. Select Role-based or features-based installation, and click on Next.

DHCP server Add role on features

4. select destination server and click on Next.

DHCP Server Destination

5. Add features that required on DHCP server and Click on Next.

6. Select DHCP server and Click on Next.

DHCP SERVER ROLE.jpg

7. Select Minimum features Net Framework and click on Next.

DHCP BY DEFAULT FEATURES ROLE

8. Read About DHCP server and Click on Next.

DHCP SERVER ABOUT

9. Confirm installation selections, If you want to restart the computer after installation select then click on Install.

CONFORMATION DHCP SERVER

10. Click on Complete DHCP configuration and click on Next.

CLOSED DHCP INSTALLATION

11. Read DHCP Server Administrator Descriptions and click on Next.

DHCP SERVER DESCRIPTIONS

12. Choose credentials and Click on Commit.

COMMIT DHCP SERVER

13. After Installation of DHCP server Click on Close.

DHCP SERVER INSTALLED CLOSE

How to Configure DHCP server Windows Server 2019/2016/2012 using Powershell?

Use following Powershell command for install DHCP

Install-WindowsFeature -Name 'DHCP' –IncludeManagementTools

How to Configure scope in Windows Server 2019/2016/2012?

You need to following following steps to configure Scope in Windows Server 2019/2016/2012

  1. Navigate to DHCP management Console, Expand DHCP server, Right Click on IPv4, and click on New Scope.
Click on New Scope

2. Type Scope name and Description and click on Next.

DHCP server scope name

3. Configure the range of addresses that is the scope distributes and click on Next.

Scope Range

4. Type range of Exclusions IP address and Click on Next.

Exclusion range

5. choose your lease duration and click on Next.

lease time DHCP server

6. Configure DHCP server select Yes and click on Next.

DNS server scope Options

7. Type Router default Gateway IP and Click on Next.

gateway IP

8. Map your DNS server and Click on Next.

dns translate

9. Enter IP address of WINS server and Click Next.

wins server

10. select Yes, I want to activate this scope now and click Next.

Activate  Scope

11. click on Finish.

Finish Scope

How to Configure scope in Windows Server 2019/2016/2012 using Powershell?

For configuring scope using Powershell follow following steps-

Add DHCP Scope

Add-DhcpServerV4Scope -Name "DHCP Scope" -StartRange 192.168.1.10 -EndRange 192.168.1.200 -SubnetMask 255.255.255.192

Add DNS server

Set-DhcpServerV4OptionValue -DnsServer 192.168.1.10 -Router 192.168.1.1

Set Up lease Duration

Set-DhcpServerv4Scope -ScopeId 192.168.1.10 -LeaseDuration 1.00:00:00

TOP 10 DHCP Server Interview Questions and Answer

  1. What is DHCP ?

Ans. Dynamic Host Control Protocol is Network Protocol used to automatic assigned IP address to Client.

2. What is DHCP UDP port Number?

Ans. DHCP uses Port N 67 for providing services and used 68 port numbers for listening.

3. Describes the Process of DHCP Configurations?

Ans. You should follow above steps from 1-13 for configuration of DHCP.

4. What is DORA?

Ans. DHCP worked on DORA process that means-

  • Discover
  • Offer
  • Request
  • Acknowledgment.

5. What is Scope?

Ans. DHCP scope is a range of IP address where the Dynamic Host control protocol server defied the range of IP address for clients. In DHCP scope we can configure Start IP address, END IP address, Network mask, or Subnet mask for clients, Default Gateway, or router gateway, DNS, and lease time for clients.

6. What is Lease Duration?

Ans.  Lease duration is a duration for the client where IP address automatically renews after lease time. The default lease duration of the server is 8 days.

7. What is Reservation?

Ans. DHCP reservation is reserved IP address for specific computers and devices where devices always have the same IP address. In DHCP Reservation We need to binds the IP address to the MAC address permanently till reservation removed.

8. What is Exclusion Range?

Ans. DHCP exclusion range is the range of IP address where exclusion range IP address not assigned for clients. Exclusion Range IP address can be used for assigned the IP address for another server manually.

9. What is Super Scope?

Ans. Groups of scope is called Super scope.

10. Which command used for restart DHCP server?

Ans. Restart-service dhcpserver

Thanks For Reading Have a Nice Day.

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One thought on “What is DHCP Server: an Overview

  1. Teresa

    Awesome site you have here but I was wanting
    to know if you knew of any discussion boards that cover the same topics discussed in this article?
    I’d really love to be a part of group where I can get feed-back from other knowledgeable people that share the same interest.

    If you have any suggestions, please let me know. Bless you!

    Reply

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