The DHCP server is one of the best servers of the networking. In this blog, we will discuss all the terms related to the DHCP server.
What is DHCP?
Dynamic Host Control Protocol server is used to assigned automatic IP addresses to network hosts so they can communicate with each other.DHCP is a network protocol that works on a client-server architecture.
The DHCP server is too useful for the large organization because it’s not possible n to provide manually IP address on the large organizations. DHCP server makes administration easy because you do not need to manged IP address to all computers, the DHCP server will handle itself. The DHCP server can be configured on the DSLR router also for small organizations.
DHCP server used UDP port numbers 67 and 68. Port number 67 used for provided services and port number 68 used by the client to listen.DHCP works on the DORA process where-
- Discover
- Offer
- Request
- Acknowledgment
DHCP used DORA process to allocate an IP address to Clients. if any new client wants to add on the network and want to communicate another device on the network. If you want to access a new client from DHCP server then a new client sends the notification on a network called Discover message. Discover the message broadcast in all devices then the DHCP server broadcasting the offer message to the client.
New Client sends the IP address notification to the server for IP address called Request lastly Server sends the message to all the devices called Acknowledgment.
What is DHCP Scope?
DHCP scope is a range of IP address where the Dynamic Host control protocol server defied the range of IP address for clients. In DHCP scope we can configure Start IP address, END IP address, Network mask, or Subnet mask for clients, Default Gateway, or router gateway, DNS, and lease time for clients.
Lease Duration:- Lease duration is a duration for the client where IP address automatically renews after lease time. The default lease duration of the server is 8 days.
What is Exclusion Range in DHCP?
DHCP exclusion range is the range of IP address where exclusion range IP address not assigned for clients. Exclusion Range IP address can be used for assigned the IP address for another server manually.
What is DHCP Reservation?
DHCP reservation is reserved IP address for specific computers and devices where devices always have the same IP address. In DHCP Reservation We need to binds the IP address to the MAC address permanently till reservation removed.
How to Configure DHCP server Windows Server 2019/2016/2012?
Table of Contents
- Navigate to Server Manager and click on Add role and features.
2. Click Next (Add role and features wizard).
3. Select Role-based or features-based installation, and click on Next.
4. select destination server and click on Next.
5. Add features that required on DHCP server and Click on Next.
6. Select DHCP server and Click on Next.
7. Select Minimum features Net Framework and click on Next.
8. Read About DHCP server and Click on Next.
9. Confirm installation selections, If you want to restart the computer after installation select then click on Install.
10. Click on Complete DHCP configuration and click on Next.
11. Read DHCP Server Administrator Descriptions and click on Next.
12. Choose credentials and Click on Commit.
13. After Installation of DHCP server Click on Close.
How to Configure DHCP server Windows Server 2019/2016/2012 using Powershell?
Use following Powershell command for install DHCP
Install-WindowsFeature -Name 'DHCP' –IncludeManagementTools
How to Configure scope in Windows Server 2019/2016/2012?
You need to following following steps to configure Scope in Windows Server 2019/2016/2012–
- Navigate to DHCP management Console, Expand DHCP server, Right Click on IPv4, and click on New Scope.
2. Type Scope name and Description and click on Next.
3. Configure the range of addresses that is the scope distributes and click on Next.
4. Type range of Exclusions IP address and Click on Next.
5. choose your lease duration and click on Next.
6. Configure DHCP server select Yes and click on Next.
7. Type Router default Gateway IP and Click on Next.
8. Map your DNS server and Click on Next.
9. Enter IP address of WINS server and Click Next.
10. select Yes, I want to activate this scope now and click Next.
11. click on Finish.
How to Configure scope in Windows Server 2019/2016/2012 using Powershell?
For configuring scope using Powershell follow following steps-
Add DHCP Scope–
Add-DhcpServerV4Scope -Name "DHCP Scope" -StartRange 192.168.1.10 -EndRange 192.168.1.200 -SubnetMask 255.255.255.192
Add DNS server
Set-DhcpServerV4OptionValue -DnsServer 192.168.1.10 -Router 192.168.1.1
Set Up lease Duration
Set-DhcpServerv4Scope -ScopeId 192.168.1.10 -LeaseDuration 1.00:00:00
TOP 10 DHCP Server Interview Questions and Answer
- What is DHCP ?
Ans. Dynamic Host Control Protocol is Network Protocol used to automatic assigned IP address to Client.
2. What is DHCP UDP port Number?
Ans. DHCP uses Port N 67 for providing services and used 68 port numbers for listening.
3. Describes the Process of DHCP Configurations?
Ans. You should follow above steps from 1-13 for configuration of DHCP.
4. What is DORA?
Ans. DHCP worked on DORA process that means-
- Discover
- Offer
- Request
- Acknowledgment.
5. What is Scope?
Ans. DHCP scope is a range of IP address where the Dynamic Host control protocol server defied the range of IP address for clients. In DHCP scope we can configure Start IP address, END IP address, Network mask, or Subnet mask for clients, Default Gateway, or router gateway, DNS, and lease time for clients.
6. What is Lease Duration?
Ans. Lease duration is a duration for the client where IP address automatically renews after lease time. The default lease duration of the server is 8 days.
7. What is Reservation?
Ans. DHCP reservation is reserved IP address for specific computers and devices where devices always have the same IP address. In DHCP Reservation We need to binds the IP address to the MAC address permanently till reservation removed.
8. What is Exclusion Range?
Ans. DHCP exclusion range is the range of IP address where exclusion range IP address not assigned for clients. Exclusion Range IP address can be used for assigned the IP address for another server manually.
9. What is Super Scope?
Ans. Groups of scope is called Super scope.
10. Which command used for restart DHCP server?
Ans. Restart-service dhcpserver
Thanks For Reading Have a Nice Day.
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